Search results for "detection [Planets and satellites]"

showing 10 items of 1073 documents

Isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tryptophan in infant formulas.

1996

The application to infant formulas of a method for tryptophan determination by isocratic HPLC with UV detection at 254 nm, after derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate, was studied. Protein was hydrolysed by barium hydroxide at 120 degrees C for 8 h, followed by derivatization with phenyl isothiocyanate, HPLC and UV detection at 254 nm. The optimum chromatographic conditions (pH, ionic strength of elution solvent and eluent ratio) were established. The analytical parameters (linearity, precision, accuracy of derivatization and limits of detection and quantification) were determined. The values obtained demonstrated that the method is useful for determining the tryptophan content of infan…

AcetatesBiochemistryHigh-performance liquid chromatographySensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical ChemistryBarium hydroxidechemistry.chemical_compoundColumn chromatographyIsothiocyanatesHumansDerivatizationChromatography High Pressure LiquidAcetic AcidDetection limitChromatographyPhenyl isothiocyanateElutionOrganic ChemistryOsmolar ConcentrationTryptophanInfant NewbornTryptophanInfantGeneral MedicineHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationchemistrySolventsInfant FoodThiocyanatesJournal of chromatography. A
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Determination of free formaldehyde in cosmetics containing formaldehyde-releasing preservatives by reversed-phase dispersive liquid-liquid microextra…

2017

Abstract An analytical method for the determination of traces of formaldehyde in cosmetic products containing formaldehyde-releasing preservatives has been developed. The method is based on reversed-phase dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (RP-DLLME), that allows the extraction of highly polar compounds, followed by liquid chromatography–ultraviolet/visible (LC–UV/vis) determination with post-column derivatization. The variables involved in the RP-DLLME process were studied to provide the best enrichment factors. Under the selected conditions, a mixture of 500 μL of acetonitrile (disperser solvent) and 50 μL of water (extraction solvent) was rapidly injected into 5 mL of toluene sampl…

AcetonitrilesLiquid Phase Microextraction02 engineering and technologyCosmetics01 natural sciencesBiochemistryChemistry Techniques AnalyticalAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundLimit of DetectionFormaldehydeAcetonitrileDerivatizationDetection limitChromatographyElution010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)Preservatives PharmaceuticalReproducibility of ResultsWaterGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSolventchemistryReagentSolvents0210 nano-technologyEnrichment factorChromatography LiquidTolueneJournal of chromatography. A
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Sample Preparation Improvement in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Determination in Olive Oils by Gel Permeation Chromatography and Liquid Chromatogr…

2005

Abstract The determination of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in olive oil samples has been improved in order to obtain a fast methodology with a low limit of detection through the combination of liquid–liquid extraction with acetonitrile and preparative gel permeation chromatography (GPC) prior to the injection of purified extracts into a C18 column. Acetonitrile–water was used as the mobile phase with a gradient from 50 to 95%, w/w, acetonitrile in 30 min. The oven temperature was maintained at 15°C, and fluorometric detection was made at a fixed excitation wavelength of 264 nm and variable, optimal emission wavelength for each analyte ranging from 352 nm for 11-H-benzo(b)fluor…

AcetonitrilesTime FactorsFluoreneChemistry Techniques AnalyticalAnalytical ChemistryGel permeation chromatographychemistry.chemical_compoundPlant OilsEnvironmental ChemistryFluorometryUltrasonicsSample preparationPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsOlive OilChromatography High Pressure LiquidPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationDetection limitFluorantheneFluorenesMethylene ChlorideChromatographyChemistryExtraction (chemistry)TemperatureSilicon DioxideSpectrometry FluorescenceHydrocarbonChromatography GelPyreneAgronomy and Crop ScienceChromatography LiquidFood ScienceJournal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL
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A Hierarchical Detection and Response System to Enhance Security Against Lethal Cyber-Attacks in UAV Networks

2018

International audience; Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) networks have not yet received considerable research attention. Specifically, security issues are a major concern because such networks, which carry vital information, are prone to various attacks. In this paper, we design and implement a novel intrusion detection and response scheme, which operates at the UAV and ground station levels, to detect malicious anomalies that threaten the network. In this scheme, a set of detection and response techniques are proposed to monitor the UAV behaviors and categorize them into the appropriate list (normal, abnormal, suspect, and malicious) according to the detected cyber-attack. We focus on the m…

Ad hoc networksMonitoringAnomaly-based intrusion detection systemWireless ad hoc networkComputer science[ INFO.INFO-NI ] Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]UAVMobile computing[ INFO.INFO-CR ] Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR]JammingComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS02 engineering and technologyIntrusion detection systemAnomaly detection and rules-based intrusion detection techniquesIDSBlack hole (networking)Computer securitycomputer.software_genreMobile communicationUnmanned aerial vehicles[INFO.INFO-CR]Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR][INFO.INFO-NI]Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFalse positive paradoxOverhead (computing)Intrusion detectionElectrical and Electronic Engineering020206 networking & telecommunicationsComputer Science ApplicationsHuman-Computer InteractionControl and Systems Engineeringintrusion detection system020201 artificial intelligence & image processingcyber-attacksIntrusion prevention systemcomputerSoftware
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Micellar Liquid Chromatography:  A Worthy Technique for the Determination of β-Antagonists in Urine Samples

1998

Several beta-antagonists (acebutolol, atenolol, celiprolol, labetalol, metoprolol, nadolol, propranolol) were determined in urine samples with fluorometric detection after direct injection, in less than 15 min, with a micellar mobile phase of 0.1 M sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 15% propanol, and 1% triethylamine at pH 3. The limits of detection (38 criterion) were usually between 3 and 30 ng/mL. The addition of propanol and triethylamine and the reduction of the pH of the mobile phase improved the efficiency of the chromatographic peaks that was rather low in pure micellar eluents. The selection of the composition of the mobile phase was easily performed through the use of an interpretive p…

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists1-PropanolHigh-performance liquid chromatographyAnalytical ChemistryPropanolSurface-Active Agentschemistry.chemical_compoundEthylaminesmedicineHumansSodium dodecyl sulfateTriethylamineMicellesDetection limitChromatographySodium Dodecyl SulfateHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationAtenololPropranololAcebutololSpectrometry FluorescenceAtenololchemistryMicellar liquid chromatographyChromatography LiquidMetoprololmedicine.drugAnalytical Chemistry
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Determination of 21 perfluoroalkyl substances and organophosphorus compounds in breast milk by liquid chromatography coupled to orbitrap high-resolut…

2018

Abstract The human exposure to perfluoroalkyl (PFASs) and organophosphorus (OPs) compounds is a cause of concern and its determination in biological matrices, including human milk, is an emergent approach for evaluate their exposure. A comprehensive strategy for the quantitative determination of 21 PFASs and OPs compounds in breast milk was developed. The proposed method includes an extraction and clean-up procedure based on the QuEChERs methodology followed by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) determination. The full-scan mass data were acquired with a resolution of 50000 FWHM and a mass accuracy better than 5 ppm. Met…

AdultAnalyteResolution (mass spectrometry)Food Contamination02 engineering and technologyBreast milkQuechersMass spectrometryOrbitrap01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMass SpectrometryAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionOrganophosphorus CompoundslawPlasticizersEnvironmental ChemistryHumansSpectroscopyFlame RetardantsDetection limitFluorocarbonsChromatographyMilk HumanChemistry010401 analytical chemistryRepeatability021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSpainFemale0210 nano-technologyChromatography LiquidAnalytica chimica acta
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On-Capillary Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: Determination of Glutathione in Whole Blood Microsamples.

2018

Oxidative stress monitoring in the neonatal period supports early outcome prediction and treatment. Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant antioxidant in most cells and tissues, including whole blood, and its usefulness as a biomarker has been known for decades. To date, the available methods for GSH determination require laborious sample processing and the use of sophisticated laboratory equipment. To the best of our knowledge, no tools suitable for point-of-care (POC) sensing have been reported. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), performed in a microvolume capillary measurement cell, is proposed in this study as a robust approach for the quantification of GSH in human whole blood…

AdultAntioxidantSilverSurface Propertiesmedicine.medical_treatmentSample processing02 engineering and technologySpectrum Analysis Raman01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeLimit of DetectionmedicineHumansWhole bloodDetection limitChromatography010401 analytical chemistryInfant NewbornGlutathione021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGlutathioneOrders of magnitude (mass)0104 chemical scienceschemistryPoint-of-Care TestingSample SizesymbolsCapillary surface0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyAnalytical chemistry
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Development of a novel methodology for determination of dialkyl phosphates in human urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

2019

Abstract In this study a fast and sensitive method was developed for the quantitative determination of six dialkyl phosphates (DAPs) in human urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The proposed methodology was based on liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with diethyl ether and ethyl acetate using MgSO4 and NaCl, followed by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry detection in the selected reaction mode (SRM) with negative electrospray ionization (ESI-). Detection settings were optimized by design of experiments (DoE). Dibutyl phosphate (DBP) was used as internal standard. Several criteria established in the SANTE/11813/2017 guidance document for pesticide resi…

AdultElectrospray ionizationClinical BiochemistryEthyl acetateMass spectrometry030226 pharmacology & pharmacy01 natural sciencesBiochemistryPhosphatesAnalytical ChemistryYoung Adult03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundOrganophosphorus Compounds0302 clinical medicineLimit of DetectionTandem Mass SpectrometryLiquid–liquid extractionLiquid chromatography–mass spectrometryHumansLactationChromatography High Pressure LiquidDetection limitChromatography010401 analytical chemistryExtraction (chemistry)Pesticide ResiduesReproducibility of ResultsCell BiologyGeneral Medicine0104 chemical scienceschemistryLinear ModelsFemaleDiethyl etherJournal of Chromatography B
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Application of headspace solid phase dynamic extraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-SPDE-GC/MS) for biomonitoring of n-heptane and its m…

2011

Abstract Solid phase dynamic extraction (SPDE) is an innovative sample preparation and enrichment technique in connection with gas chromatography (GC). Using SPDE, we developed a method for simultaneous determination of n-heptane and its mono-oxygenated metabolites heptane-4-one, 3-one, 2-one, 4-ol, 3-ol, 2-ol, and 1-ol in blood. After adjustment of various extraction and desorption parameters, method validation resulted in limits of detection (LOD) between 0.006 (heptane-4-one) and 0.021 mg/L (heptane-1-ol). Intra-assay coefficients of variation ranged between 4.8% and 20.8% while relative recovery ranged between 100% and 117% (spiked concentration 0.128 mg/L, n  = 8). The method was appli…

AdultMaleAnalyteAnalytical chemistryToxicologySensitivity and SpecificityGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryHeptaneschemistry.chemical_compoundYoung AdultBiomonitoringHumansSample preparationDetection limitHeptaneInhalation ExposureChromatographyDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructureChemistryExtraction (chemistry)Reproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineEnvironmental ExposureGas chromatographyGas chromatography–mass spectrometryBiomarkersEnvironmental MonitoringToxicology letters
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Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for the selective determination of cocaine by ion mobility spectrometry

2018

Abstract Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) were prepared for cocaine recognition by bulk polymerization in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Two reagents (polyethylene glycol (PEG) and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (V)) were used for MNPs modification. MMIPs were characterized and compared in terms of loading capacity, reusability, accuracy and precision for the extraction of cocaine from saliva samples. It was observed that V-MMIPs gave higher physical stability than PEG-MMIPs. Thus, V-MMIP were used for the analysis of cocaine users saliva. The developed procedure based on ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) provided limits of detection and quantification o…

AdultMaleBulk polymerizationPolymersIon-mobility spectrometry02 engineering and technologyPolyethylene glycolTandem mass spectrometryMethacrylate01 natural sciencesBiochemistryPolyethylene GlycolsAnalytical ChemistryMolecular ImprintingMagneticsYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compoundCocaineIon Mobility SpectrometryHumansOrganosilicon CompoundsSalivaChromatography High Pressure LiquidDetection limitChromatography010401 analytical chemistryOrganic ChemistryMolecularly imprinted polymerSignal Processing Computer-AssistedGeneral Medicine021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical scienceschemistryMethacrylatesMagnetic nanoparticlesFemale0210 nano-technologyJournal of Chromatography A
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